HTML Referece Guide: Tags for Netscape 3.0
NOEMBED (alternate text for plug-ins)
Tag reference, Part 1
This chapter contains an alphabetical listing
of all HTML tags supported in Navigator 3.0 and earlier. The tags are presented
in the following format: _IMG SRC="tags1a.gif" HEIGHT=419 WIDTH=512_
The following sections comprise an alphabetical
reference of all tags supported by Netscape Navigator 3.0 and earlier.
A (anchor or link)
The A tag lets you define anchors and links.
A as anchor
An anchor marks a section of an HTML document
and provides a way for links to connect that part of the document. The
A tag typically encloses text or images that represent an anchor, such
as a heading in a document or a logo. Navigator does not use any special
formatting to indicate that the text or image represent an anchor.
Anchors cannot be nested within other A tags.
You can enclose most character and paragraph formatting within the A tag.
Syntax
<A
NAME="AnchorName" required
for an anchor
>
...
</A>
Used within
ADDRESS, DD, DT, H1 through H6, LI, P, PRE
Example
This example defines the heading text "Welcome
to the Marine Mammal page" as an anchor in a document:
<A NAME="mammal_intro"><H2>Welcome
to the Marine Mammal page</H2></A>
If this anchor is in a file called intro.html,
you could define a jump to the anchor as follows:
<A HREF="intro.html#mammal_intro">Introduction
to marine mammals</A>
A as link
A link connects an HTML document to another document
(such as another HTML file or a graphic file) or part of a document (an
anchor in an HTML file). Navigator displays link text and ordinary text
differently, so users can easily distinguish hypertext jumps. By default,
Navigator displays links as blue underlined text or blue-bordered graphics
and visited links as magenta. The default color for links can be changed
in Navigator using the General Preferences command from the Options menu.
When the user clicks a link or image, the reference specified by the HREF
attribute is loaded into the window or frame specified by the TARGET attribute.
The destination of the link is usually another
document or a section of a document. The destination can also be a protocol
that specifies items such as an email message or an FTP site. To jump to
a specific section of a document, the HREF attribute should reference the
NAME attribute of an existing anchor.
Syntax
<A
HREF="Location" required
for a link
NAME="AnchorName" optional
(and uncommon) in a link
ONCLICK="clickJScode"
ONMOUSEOUT="outJScode"
ONMOUSEOVER="overJScode"
TARGET="WindowName"
> ... </A>
HREF="Location" specifies a destination
URL for the anchor or link.
NAME="AnchorName" specifies a name for
the anchor. A link to the anchor uses this value for its HREF attribute.
ONCLICK="clickJScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user clicks the image or link text. See the JavaScript
Guide for information on event handlers.
ONMOUSEOUT="outJScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user moves the mouse pointer out of the image or
link text. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
ONMOUSEOVER="overJScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user moves the mouse pointer over the image or link
text. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
TARGET="WindowName" is only used if
the anchor is also a link. It specifies the window that the link is loaded
into. Navigator 2.0.
Used within
ADDRESS, DD, DT, H1 through H6, LI, P, PRE
Example
This example uses both text and a graphic as a
link. When a user clicks either the word "Download" or the image,
Navigator loads the document specified by the URL in the HREF attribute
in the current browser window. It loads in the current browser window because
no TARGET attribute is present.
This page is enhanced for Netscape Navigator.
You can view this page using other browsers,
but it will appear best with Navigator.<P>
<A HREF="http://home.netscape.com/index.html">Download
</A>Netscape Navigator now!
<A HREF="http://home.netscape.com/index.html">
<IMG SRC="now_bu.gif" ALIGN="texttop"
ALT="Netscape Now">
</A>
_IMG SRC="tags1a1.gif" HEIGHT=147 WIDTH=377>
ADDRESS (format as address)
The ADDRESS tag displays address information in
a format determined by each browser (Netscape Navigator displays addresses
in italic). An address can include authorship information and is usually
placed at the top or bottom of a document.
Syntax
Example
The following example displays the address in
italic.
You can reach us at:
<P>
<ADDRESS>
Netscape Communications Corporation<BR>
501 East Middlefield Road<BR>
Mountain View, CA 94043<BR>
</ADDRESS>
_IMG SRC="tags1a2.gif" HEIGHT=135 WIDTH=378>
APPLET (Java applet)
Navigator 2.0
The APPLET tag specifies a Java applet for the
Navigator to load. Applet resources (including their classes) are normally
loaded relative to the CODEBASE tag. Use the PARAM tag to specify parameters
required by the applet.
Syntax
<APPLET
ALIGN="LEFT"|"RIGHT"|"TOP"|"ABSMIDDLE"|"ABSBOTTOM"|
"TEXTTOP"|"MIDDLE"|"BASELINE"|"BOTTOM"
ALT="alternateText"
ARCHIVE="archiveURL"
CODE="appletURL" required
CODEBASE="classFileDirectory"
HEIGHT="pixHeight" required
HSPACE="pixHoriz"
MAYSCRIPT
NAME="value"
VSPACE="pixVert"
WIDTH="pixWidth" required
>
...
</APPLET>
ALIGN specifies the alignment for the applet.
If you do not specify a value for ALIGN, Navigator uses "BOTTOM"
as the default.
ALT="alternateText" specifies
text to display for browsers that do not support the APPLET tag. Navigator
3.0
ARCHIVE="archiveURL" specifies
a file to be downloaded to the user's disk, and then searched for the classFileName
specified in the CODE attribute. The archiveURL is sought relative to the
classFileDirectory. The suffix on the archiveURL must be .zip, but
the file must not be compressed. Classes not found in the archiveURL are
searched for through the standard mechanism. Navigator 3.0
CODE ="classFileName" specifies
the filename of the applet you want to load. The file name must end with
a .class extension.
CODEBASE="classFileDirectory"
changes the URL specified by the BASE tag. If the CODEBASE attribute is
defined, it specifies a location to find applet resources. The value can
be an absolute URL or a relative URL. An absolute URL is used as is without
modification and is not affected by the document's BASE tag. When the CODEBASE
attribute is relative, then it is relative to the document-URL defined
by the BASE tag. If no base tag is specified, then it is relative to the
directory where the HTML file is.
HEIGHT="pixHeight" specifies
the height (in pixels) that the applet needs.
HSPACE="pixHoriz" specifies the
horizontal space (in pixels) that the applet needs between itself and surrounding
text.
MAYSCRIPT permits the applet to access
JavaScript. Use this attribute to determine whether or not an applet can
access JavaScript on a page without your knowlege. Accessing JavaScript
when the MAYSCRIPT attribute is not specified results in an exception.
Navigator 3.0
NAME ="value" specifies the name
of the applet, so that different applets in the same window can refer to
(and communicate with) one another..
VSPACE="pixVert" specifies the
vertical space (in pixels) that the applet needs between itself and surrounding
text.
WIDTH="pixWidth" specifies the
width (in pixels) that the applet needs. The applet is scaled to fit the
specified height and width.
Example
The following example displays a sky with moving
stars.
<APPLET CODEBASE="http://www.netscape.com/comprod/products/navigator/
version_2.0/java_applets/StarField"
CODE="stars.class" WIDTH="400" HEIGHT="100">
<PARAM NAME="numstars" VALUE="50">
</APPLET>
See also
AREA (client-side image maps)
The AREA tag defines a client-side image map.
An image map is a graphic that has clickable regions that link to different
URLs. For example, you can have an image with a square and a circle where
a click in the square takes you to one page and a click in the circle takes
you to a different page.
Different areas of an image map can jump to
different Web pages. _IMG SRC="tags1a3.gif" HEIGHT=99 WIDTH=324>
Client-side image maps are defined by MAP and
AREA tags. When a user clicks the image, Navigator determines what URL
to load based, on the information in the AREA tag. The USEMAP attribute
of the IMG tag specifies an image as a client-side image map. The MAP tag
contains one or more AREA tags. Each AREA tag describes a different region
as a hyperlink in the image and specifies the URL to which it connects.
Syntax
<AREA
COORDS="x1,y1,x2,y2,..." required
|"x-center,y-center,radius"
HREF="Location" required
NAME="areaName"
NOHREF
ONMOUSEOUT="outJScode"
ONMOUSEOVER="overJScode"
SHAPE="CIRCLE"|"RECT"|"POLY"|"DEFAULT"
TARGET="WindowName">
COORDS specifies the coordinates of the
region defined by the AREA tag.
HREF="Location" specifies the
URL of the document to load when a user clicks the area.
NAME="areaName" specifies the
map name to be used with the USEMAP attribute of the IMG tag. The value
of the areaName must begin with an alphanumeric character.
NOHREF specifies that no URL is loaded
when a user clicks the area.
ONMOUSEOUT="outJScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user moves the mouse pointer out of the image or
link text. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
ONMOUSEOVER="overJScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user moves the mouse pointer over the image or link
text. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
Defining regions in an image _IMG SRC="tags1a4.gif" HEIGHT=166 WIDTH=461>
SHAPE specifies the shape of the map. Each
shape has its own form of the COORDS attribute:
- circle URL x,y,x,y specifies a circle. Circles need two coordinates--the
first pair identifies the circle center and the second identifies any point
- rect URL x,y,x,y specifies a rectangle by its upper left (first pair)
- poly URL x,y,x,y specifies a polygon of up to 100 sides. Each x,y pair
is the point where two sides of the polygon meet. The last x,y pair is
- default URL defines the URL to jump to when someone clicks in an area
not specified by any regions. If you use a point in the map file, then
- the default is never used.
If no SHAPE is defined, RECT is used.
TARGET="WindowName" specifies
the frame or window that the linked URL is loaded into. When a user clicks
an area that has a TARGET attribute, the URL is loaded in the specified
window or frame instead of in that containing the area. Navigator2.0.
Used within
Example
In this example, an image map is used to help
users navigate a web site. The following illustration shows what the finished
image map looks like to a user: _IMG SRC="tags1a5.gif" HEIGHT=213 WIDTH=611>
Each button is a separate region of the image
map. The seven buttons correspond to regions defined by seven AREA tags.
The following code defines the map:
<MAP NAME="mainmap">
<AREA COORDS="0,0,65,24" HREF="/escapes/index.html">
<AREA COORDS="66,0,132,24" HREF="/comprod/index.html">
<AREA COORDS="133,0,185,24"
HREF="http://merchant.netscape.com/netstore/index.html"
TARGET="_top">
<AREA COORDS="186,0,248,24" HREF="/newsref/index.html">
<AREA COORDS="249,0,318,24" HREF="/assist/index.html">
<AREA COORDS="319,0,390,24" HREF="/commun/index.html">
<AREA COORDS="391,0,467,24" HREF="/business_solutions/index.html">
</MAP>
Because no SHAPE attribute is specified for any
AREA tag, the shape of each region defaults to a rectangle. The third AREA
tag uses the "_top" value for its TARGET attribute to specify
that its URL is loaded into the full Navigator window.
The image used for the toolbar is nav.gif, an
interlaced GIF. The IMG tag that loads nav.gif uses the USEMAP attribute
to specify that the image is a client-side image map. The value of the
USEMAP attribute, #mainmap, is also the value used for the NAME
attribute of the MAP tag. The value assigned to USEMAP is a standard URL,
so the "#" signals that it is in the current web page. The following
code associates the map with the image:
<IMG SRC="nav.gif"
WIDTH="468" HEIGHT="25" BORDER="0"
USEMAP="#mainmap">
See also
B (boldface)
The B tag displays text in boldface.
Syntax
Example
The following example displays "Netscape
Navigator" in bold.
My preferred browser is <B>Netscape
Navigator</B>.
_IMG SRC="tags1a6.gif" HEIGHT=89 WIDTH=378>
See also
BASE (set base URL)
The BASE tag specifies the base URL for the document
(from which all relative links in the document are to be resolved) or the
base target for the document (identifying the default window in which a
followed link displays).
When building complex, multi-page documents, you
might want to specify a base URL for the main document (master HTML file).
To do this, establish a base URL, then give relative URL addresses for
all referenced documents.
If the document is moved, and the base URL is
specified using the BASE tag, all relative references to URLs are updated
relative to the new location of the base URL.
If you have a document that contains links, and
you move it to a different URL, but do not specify a base URL, then when
Netscape Navigator resolves any relative URLs within the document it will
resolve them with respect to the new location, thus probably invalidating
them.. If you do specify a base URL, the relative URLS are resolved with
respect to that base.
The BASE tag does not require a closing tag.
Syntax
<BASE
HREF="baseURL" required
TARGET="WindowName"
>
HREF="baseURL" specifies the
location of the document as an absolute or relative URL. The absolute URL
is used as is without modification. If a relative URL is specified, all
subsequent links are relative to this URL.
TARGET="WindowName" identifies
the default window or frame where any links activated from the current
document will display. Navigator 2.0.
Used within
Example
The following example sets http://home.netscape.com
as the base URL for the document.
<HEAD>
<BASE HREF="http://home.netscape.com/">
</HEAD>
Information about Netscape and its products can be found at <A
HREF="comprod/index.html">Company & Products</A>.
</HEAD>
BASEFONT (set default font size)
The BASEFONT tag specifies a default font size.
If the user has set a default font size in Navigator (using the General
Preferences command from the Options menu), this tag overrides it. If the
base font size is not defined, the default is 3.
Syntax
<BASEFONT
SIZE="fontSize"
>
...
</BASEFONT>
SIZE="fontSize" specifies the font
size from 1 to 7 (the default is 3).Navigator 1.1
Example
The following example uses the BASEFONT tag to
set the default font size to 2, then enlarges and decreases the font size
using the FONT tag. All changes made to the font size are relative to the
base font size (2).
<I>Netscape Navigator</I> lets the user select a comfortable base font
size, <BASEFONT SIZE="2"> but this can be reset for all or part of a
page. <FONT SIZE="+3"> Doing so causes subsequent font size changes
</FONT> <FONT SIZE="-1"> to execute relative to the new base font
size.</FONT> <BASEFONT SIZE="3">
_IMG SRC="tags1a7.gif" HEIGHT=123 WIDTH=377>
See also
BIG (increase font size)
Navigator 2.0
The BIG tag increases the font size from its current
value by one.
Syntax
Example
The following example increases the font size
in three steps for "bigger, and bigger, and bigger."
When he told a lie, his nose grew <BIG>bigger,
and <BIG>bigger, and <BIG>bigger.</BIG></BIG></BIG>
_IMG SRC="tags1a8.gif" HEIGHT=97 WIDTH=377>
See also
BLINK (make text blink)
The BLINK tag makes text blink on and off in Netscape
Navigator.
Syntax
Example
The following example displays "Blinking
text" as blinking text.
<BLINK> Blinking text </BLINK>
can be annoying, so use it sparingly.
BLOCKQUOTE (indent block of text)
The BLOCKQUOTE tag indents a block of text. Use
the BLOCKQUOTE tag for longer quotations, and the CITE tag for short quotations.
Syntax
Example
The following example displays the quotation in
a block format.
Marc Andreessen, vice president of technology and cofounder of Netscape,
said recently:
<BLOCKQUOTE>
"Moving Worlds is extremely exciting because it extends Netscape
Navigator into a whole new dimension. Moving Worlds enables developers
to build 3D applications and content that leverage all the technologies
supported by the Netscape software platform: Java, JavaScript, advanced
HTML, frames, and Plug-Ins. Netscape is committed to integrating 3D
technology into the Netscape software platform and to providing a
seamless blend of 2D and 3D elements to bring rich, lifelike activity to
the Internet."
</BLOCKQUOTE>
_IMG SRC="tags1a9.gif" HEIGHT=240 WIDTH=378>
BODY (main content of document)
The BODY tag specifies the main content of a document.
Each HTML document begins with a <HEAD>...</HEAD>, then concludes
with a <BODY>...</BODY>.) Within the body of your document
you can include the tags that define global characteristics of the document--the
layout and structure of the document and all links to text and graphics.
Syntax
<BODY
ALINK="color"
BACKGROUND="bgURL"
BGCOLOR="color"
LINK="color"
TEXT="color"
ONBLUR="blurJScode"
ONFOCUS="focusJScode"
ONLOAD="loadJScode"
ONUNLOAD="unloadJScode"
VLINK="color"
>
...
</BODY>
All color attributes can be represented by either
a hexadecimal red-green-blue triplet or by a color name. See Appendix B,
"Color values."
ALINK="color" changes the color
of text that indicates a link in a document. This is the color the link
flashes to when the user clicks it. The user can set a default color using
the General Preferences command from the Netscape Navigator Options menu.
BACKGROUND="bgURL" specifies
an image that displays in the background of the document. The URL value
can be an absolute URL or a relative URL. The absolute URL is used as is
without modification. The image is tiled (that is, the image is repeated
in a grid) to fill the entire frame. Navigator 1.1
BGCOLOR="color" changes the color
of the background. The user can set a default color using the General Preferences
command from the Netscape Navigator Options menu. Navigator 1.1
LINK="color" changes the text
color indicating a link in a document. This is the normal color for the
link. The user can set a default color using the General Preferences command
from the Netscape Navigator Options menu.
TEXT="color" changes the color
of normal text (i.e. text not highlighted to indicate a link) in a document.
The value is a hexadecimal red-green-blue triplet. The user
can set a default color using the General Preferences command from the
Netscape Navigator Options menu.
ONBLUR="blurJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the window of the document loses focus.
See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
ONFOCUS="focusJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the window of the document acquires focus.
See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
ONLOAD="loadJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the document is loaded. See the JavaScript
Guide for information on event handlers.
ONUNLOAD="unloadJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the document is exited. See the JavaScript
Guide for information on event handlers.
VLINK="color" changes the text
color indicating a visited (followed) link in a document. The user can
set a default color using the General Preferences command from the Netscape
Navigator Options menu.
Example
The following example sets the background color
to light yellow, ordinary text to black, unvisited links to blue, visited
links to green, and active links to red.
<BODY BGCOLOR="lightyellow" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#0000FF"
VLINK="#00AA00" ALINK="#FF0000">
</BODY>
See also
BR (line break)
The BR tag breaks the line in the text flow of
your document. This lets you control where the next line of text appears,
which is especially useful when including graphics in a document. Unlike
the P tag, the BR tag does not add extra space.
The BR tag does not require a closing tag.
Syntax
<BR
CLEAR="ALL"|"LEFT"|"RIGHT"
>
CLEAR lets you flow text around an image
or figure. Navigator 1.1
Example
The following example inserts line breaks in a
speech from Hamlet.
Hamlet's famous speech begins:<P>
To be, or not to be<BR>
That is the question<P>
This puts space after the introductory clause,
but keeps the quote together. The last line uses the P tag to put more
space before the next line.
_IMG SRC="tags1a10.gif" HEIGHT=142 WIDTH=378>
See also
CAPTION (display table caption)
Navigator 1.1
The CAPTION tag defines a caption for a table.
Place the CAPTION tag within the TABLE tag but not inside the TD or the
TR tags.
Syntax
<CAPTION ALIGN="BOTTOM"|"TOP">...</CAPTION>
ALIGN specifies the placement of the caption
within a table.
Used within
Example
The following example creates a three-column,
four-row table, with the caption "Tables are as easy as one, two,
three" aligned at the top of the table.
<TABLE BORDER CELLPADDING="8" CELLSPACING="4">
<CAPTION ALIGN="TOP"><B>Table 1</B>: Tables are as easy as one, two, three
</CAPTION>
<TR><TH> English </TH><TH> Spanish </TH><TH> German </TH></TR>
<TR><TD> one </TD><TD> uno </TD><TD> ein </TD></TR>
<TR><TD> two </TD><TD> dos </TD><TD> zwei </TD></TR>
<TR><TD> three </TD><TD> tres </TD><TD> drei </TD></TR>
</TABLE>
_IMG SRC="tags1a11.gif" HEIGHT=240 WIDTH=377>
See also
CENTER (center a block of text)
Navigator 1.1
The CENTER tag centers the enclosed block of text.
Syntax
Example
The following example centers a heading.
<CENTER>
<H1>Netscape's Mascot Mozilla</H1>
</CENTER>
_IMG SRC="tags1a12.gif" HEIGHT=116 WIDTH=378>
CITE (citation)
The CITE tag marks a block of text as a citation.
The citation should be a small citation, such as a book title. Use the
BLOCKQUOTE tag for long quotations. Netscape Navigator displays citations
in italics.
Syntax
Example
The following example displays the citation in
italics.
Mozilla said to the crowd, <CITE>Visit
Netscape's website</CITE>.
_IMG SRC="tags1a13.gif" HEIGHT=90 WIDTH=378>
See also
CODE (program code text)
The CODE tag displays text in the fixed-width
font, as determined in Options|General Preferences.
For large sections of code where formatting is
important use the PRE tag to preserve the space characters and line breaks
used in the program listing.
Syntax
Example
The following example displays a code sample:
The C programming language lets you construct simple and complex loops.
The following loop prints the numbers 1 to 10:<P>
<CODE>
for (x=1; x<10; x++)
printf("x=%d", x);
</CODE>
_IMG SRC="tags1a14.gif" HEIGHT=127 WIDTH=378>
See also
DD (definition description)
The DD tag marks a definition in a definition
list. The DD tag must be used within the scope of a DL tag and should be
used in conjunction with the DT tag (the term being defined). The DD tag
does not require a closing tag.
Syntax
Used within
Example
See also
DIR (directory lists)
Deprecated
The DIR tag creates a definition list where each
item in the list can be no longer than 20 characters. Some web browsers
display items in the list in columns across the screen. Navigator always
displays the items in a single column. To mark the individual items within
the list, use the LI tag. A single list item can contain additional paragraphs,
marked with the P tag.
Syntax
Example
Several HTML character tags are:
<DIR>
<LI> I: displays text in italics</LI>
<LI> B: displays text in bold</LI>
<LI> KYBD: displays text in typewriter font</LI>
</DIR>
_IMG SRC="tags1a15.gif" HEIGHT=155 WIDTH=377>
See also
DIV (section of a document)
Navigator 2.0
The DIV tag encloses a division of a document,
such as a chapter, appendix, or section, enabling you to apply alignment
to all paragraphs in that division.
Syntax
<DIV
ALIGN="LEFT"|"CENTER"|"RIGHT"
>
ALIGN specifies the horizontal alignment
of the division. The value can be:
Used within
Example
One way to position a table is to enclose it in
the scope of a DIV tag.
<TABLE BORDER>
<TR>
<TD><P>A <TD><P>ADDRESS <TD><P>APPLET <TD><P>AREA
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><P>B <TD><P>BASE <TD><P>BASEFONT <TD><P>BIG
</TR>
</TABLE>
<DIV ALIGN=CENTER>
<TABLE BORDER>
<TR>
<TD><P>A <TD><P>ADDRESS <TD><P>APPLET <TD><P>AREA
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><P>B <TD><P>BASE <TD><P>BASEFONT <TD><P>BIG
</TR>
</TABLE>
</DIV>
<DIV ALIGN=RIGHT>
<TABLE BORDER>
<TR>
<TD><P>A <TD><P>ADDRESS <TD><P>APPLET <TD><P>AREA
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><P>B <TD><P>BASE <TD><P>BASEFONT <TD><P>BIG
</TR>
</TABLE>
</DIV>
_IMG SRC="tags1a16.gif" HEIGHT=189 WIDTH=385>
See also
DL (definition list)
The DL tag encloses a definition list. A definition
contains terms and definitions. Netscape Navigator displays the terms left
aligned and the definitions indented on the next line.
Syntax
COMPACT "compacts" the definition
list by placing the term defined by the DT tag on the same line as the
definition defined by the DD tag, provided the term is short enough.
Example
The following example defines three HTML terms.
All HTML files contain the following tags:<P>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT>HTML
<DD>This tag marks a text file as an HTML document.
<DT>HEAD
<DD>This tag defines the heading for the HTML document.
<DT>BODY
<DD>This tag defines the body for the HTML document.
<DT>DL
<DD>This tag defines a definition list in the HTML document.
<DT>DT
<DD>This tag defines a term in a definition list in the HTML document.
<DT>DT
<DD>This tag defines a definition in a definition list in the HTML
document.
</DL>
_IMG SRC="tags1a17.gif" HEIGHT=231 WIDTH=383>
See also
DT (definition term)
The DT tag specifies the term defined in a definition
list. The corresponding DD tag specifies the definition. The DT tag does
not require a closing tag.
Syntax
Used within
Example
See also
EM (emphasize text)
The EM tag marks text for emphasis.
Netscape Navigator displays emphasized text in
italics.
Syntax
Example
We ship your products overnight <EM>for
free</EM>!
_IMG SRC="tags1a18.gif" HEIGHT=88 WIDTH=378>
See also
EMBED (insert object)
Navigator 2.0.
The EMBED tag lets you display output from a plug-in
application in an HTML document. To display, the plug-in application must
be installed. When loaded, the applet runs automatically.
Syntax
<EMBED
ALIGN="LEFT"|"RIGHT"|"TOP"|"BOTTOM"
BORDER="pixBorder"
FRAMEBORDER="NO"
HEIGHT="pixHeight" required
HIDDEN="TRUE|FALSE
HSPACE="pixHoriz"
NAME="appletName"
PALETTE="FOREGROUND"|"BACKGROUND"
PLUGINSPAGE="instrURL"
SRC="Location" Either
SRC or TYPE is required
TYPE="MIMEtype" Either
SRC or TYPE is required
VSPACE="pixVert"
WIDTH="pixWidth"
>
...
</EMBED>
Any attributes other than those listed are passed
through to the plug-in.
ALIGN specifies the alignment for the applet.
BORDER="pixBorder" specifies
the size, in pixels, of the border around the applet in pixels.
FRAMEBORDER="NO" specifies that
the frame has no border.
HEIGHT="pixHeight" specifies
the height in pixels needed by the applet.
HIDDEN="TRUE"|"FALSE"
specifies whether the plug-in is visible on the page. The value TRUE overrides
any HEIGHT and WIDTH to make a zero-sized plug-in. The default is FALSE.
HSPACE="value" specifies a margin
in pixels between the left and right edges of the applet and surrounding
text and images. Navigator 1.1
NAME="appletName" specifies the
name of the applet.
PALETTE="FOREGROUND"|"BACKGROUND"
is relevant only on the Windows platform. A value of FOREGROUND makes the
palette used by the plug-in be the foreground palette. Similarly, a value
of BACKGROUND makes the plug-in use the background palette, which is also
the default.
PLUGINSPAGE="instrURL" specifies
the URL that contains the instructions for installing the plug-in. This
URL used by the assisted installation process if the plug-in registered
for the MIME type of this EMBED tag is not found.
VSPACE="value" specifies a margin
in pixels between the top and bottom edges of the applet and surrounding
text and images.Navigator 1.1
TYPE="MIMEtype" specifies the
MIME type of the EMBED tag, which in turn determines which plug-in to load.
Use TYPE instead of SRC for plug-ins that require no data or plug-ins that
fetch all their data dynamically.
WIDTH="pixWidth" specifies the
width in pixels in which the object must fit. The object is scaled to fit
the specified height and width.
Example
The following example embeds two objects, MyMovie.mov
and Game.ids in the document.
<EMBED SRC="MyMovie.mov" WIDTH="150" HEIGHT="250" CONTROLS="TRUE">
<EMBED SRC="Game.ids" WIDTH="400" HEIGHT="300">
See also
FONT (change color, face, size)
Navigator 1.1
The FONT tag lets you change the color, size,
and face (font family) of the font. You can specify the default font size
for a document using the BASEFONT tag. The FONT tag overrides any other
font settings. In other words, text within the scope of the FONT tag is
displayed in the color and size you specify, regardless of any other settings.
Syntax
<FONT
COLOR="color"
FACE="fontlist"
SIZE="fontSize"
>
...
</FONT>
COLOR="color" defines the desired
text color. The color value is a hexadecimal red-green-blue triplet,
or a color name. See Appendix B,
"Color values."Navigator 2.0
FACE="fontlist" specifies a comma-separated
list of fonts as your preferred font choices for the text in the scope
of the FONT tag. Navigator searches for the first font in the list; if
the font is present, Navigator uses it; otherwise the search continues.
If none of the fonts is found, Navigator 3.0
SIZE="fontSize" defines the size
of the font, in a range from 1 to 7, with a default size of 3. You can
also specify the size using a plus or minus sign in front of the number
to change the size with respect to the base font size.
Example
The following example displays "color"
in red and increases the font size of "size" to 2 sizes larger
than the base font.
The <FONT> tag changes the text
<FONT COLOR="#FF2222">color</FONT> or
<FONT SIZE="+2">size</FONT> or
<FONT SIZE="+2" COLOR="#FF2222">both</FONT>.
_IMG SRC="tags1a19.gif" HEIGHT=92 WIDTH=378>
See also
FORM (create form)
The FORM tag creates an HTML form, which lets
users input text and make choices from elements such as checkboxes, radio
buttons, and selection lists. A user fills out the form, and then submits
the form by clicking a button.
You define and specify the features of a form
by using the following tags nested within the FORM tag:
A document can have multiple forms, but forms
cannot be nested--you cannot have a form within a form.
**add cross-ref to chapter 2 here**
Syntax
<FORM
ACTION="ServerURL" required,
if any action is to occur
ENCTYPE="EncodingType"
METHOD="GET"|"POST"
NAME="FormName"
ONRESET="resetJScode"
ONSUBMIT="submitJScode"
TARGET="WindowName"
>
...
</FORM>
ACTION="ServerURL" specifies
the URL of the server where the form information is sent. This attribute
can specify a CGI or LiveWire application on the server; it can also be
a mailto: URL if the form is to be mailed to someone.
ENCTYPE="EncodingType" specifies
the MIME encoding of the data sent:
- "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" (the default), is typically
- "multipart/form-data" is used when the form contains a file
- upload element (INPUT TYPE="file").
METHOD specifies how information is sent
to the server specified by ACTION.
- GET (the default) appends the input information to the URL which on
most receiving systems becomes the value of the environment variable QUERY_STRING.
- POST sends the input information in a data body that is available on
stdin with the data length set in the environment variable CONTENT_LENGTH.
NAME="FormName" specifies the
name of the form. The name is not displayed on the form. Since there can
be multiple forms on the same page, the NAME attribute is used by JavaScript
to differentiate different forms.
ONRESET="resetJScode" specifies
JavaScript code that executes when a user resets the form, as with a RESET
button. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
ONSUBMIT="submitJScode" specifies
JavaScript code that executes when a user submits the form, as with a SUBMIT
button. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
TARGET="WindowName" specifies
the window that form responses are displayed in. When a user submits a
form with a TARGET attribute, server responses are displayed in the specified
window instead of the window that contains the form. Navigator 2.0.
Example
The following example creates a form called LoginForm
that contains text fields for user name and password, a submit button,
and a cancel button.
<FORM NAME="LoginForm">
<B>User name:</B><INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="userName" SIZE="10">
<P>
<B>Password:</B><INPUT TYPE="password" NAME="password" SIZE="12">
<P>
<INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="Log in"
ACTION="http://my-site.org/cgi-bin/myx.cgi">
<INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE="Cancel" onClick="window.close()">
</FORM>
_IMG SRC="tags1a20.gif" HEIGHT=168 WIDTH=376>
See also
Tag reference list, Part 2
FRAME (create an independent window region)
The FRAME tag creates a frame, which is an individual,
independently scrolling region of a web page. The FRAMESET tag defines
a group of frames that display in one Netscape Navigator window. The FRAME
tag defines each individual frame in the Netscape Navigator window. Each
frame can be defined with unique features and characteristics using the
FRAME tag's attributes.
The content that each frame displays is determined
by a distinct URL. Links in a frame can cause a related frame to point
to a different URL, and frames can be targeted by other URLs within the
same window.
Syntax
<FRAME
BORDERCOLOR="color"
FRAMEBORDER="YES"|"NO"
MARGINHEIGHT="pixMarHeight"
MARGINWIDTH="pixMarWidth"
NAME="frameName"
NORESIZE
SCROLLING="YES"|"NO"|"AUTO"
SRC="URL" required
>
BORDERCOLOR="color" specifies
the color of the frame's borders. The color value is a hexadecimal red-green-blue
triplet, or a color name. See Appendix B,
"Color values."Navigator 3.0
Because frame borders are shared, Navigator must
resolve any border color conflicts.
- This attribute is, in turn, overridden by any attribute used in a nested
- all previous FRAMESET tag uses.
If there is a conflict for two colors of equal
priority both set on the same edge, the behavior is undefined.
FRAMEBORDER determines whether frame borders
are displayed. Navigator 3.0
- NO suppresses the 3D border, although the space the border would have
occupied is is still present under control of the BORDER attribute of the
- FRAMESET tag.
When FRAMEBORDER appears in a FRAMESET tag, it
sets a default FRAMEBORDER value for all frames in the frameset.
When FRAMEBORDER appears in the FRAME tag, it
applies only to that particular frame, overriding any FRAMEBORDER established
by an outer FRAMESET tag.
A border shared between frames is plain only if
all adjacent frames have the FRAMEBORDER attribute set to NO.
When neither a FRAME nor a FRAMESET governing
that FRAME has set FRAMEBORDER, the default setting is YES.
MARGINHEIGHT="pixMarHeight" specifies
a margin in pixels between the top and bottom edges of the frame and the
frame contents.
MARGINWIDTH="pixMarWidth" specifies
a margin in pixels between the left and right edges of the frame and the
frame contents.
Tag reference list,
Part 2Go to Tag reference section, Part 2
Tags2
FRAMESET (define a group of frames)
The FRAMESET tag defines a group of frames that
appear in a single Netscape Navigator window. You define and specify the
features of the group of frames by using the following tags nested within
the FRAMESET tag:
- FRAME defines each individual frame. Each frame can be defined with
- NOFRAMES provides alternative content for the FRAMESET tag and is for
- browsers that cannot display frames.
The only place the FRAMESET tag is used is in
a frame definition document. A frame definition document is an HTML
document that contains the layout for each frame and frameset that make
up a Navigator window. An HTML document that contains a FRAMESET tag cannot
contain a BODY tag.
Syntax
<FRAMESET
BORDER="pixWidth"
BORDERCOLOR="color"
COLS="ColumnWidthList" Either
COLS or ROWS is required
FRAMEBORDER="YES"|"NO"
ONBLUR="blurJScode"
ONFOCUS="focusJScode"
ONLOAD="loadJScode"
ONUNLOAD="unloadJScode"
ROWS="RowHeightList" Either
COLS or ROWS is required
>
...
</FRAMESET>
BORDER="pixWidth"specifies
the thickness of frame borders for all frames in a frameset. A setting
of BORDER="0" causes all frames in the frameset to have no border
between them. A setting of BORDER="3" causes a border of 3 pixels.
If no BORDER tag is present, the default is 5 pixels. The BORDER tag can
be used only on an outermost FRAMESET tag. Navigator 3.0
BORDERCOLOR="color" specifies
the color of a frame's borders. The value of color is a hexadecimal
red-green-blue triplet, or a color name. See Appendix B,
"Color values."Navigator 3.0
Because frame borders are shared, Navigator must
resolve any border color conflicts.
- This attribute is, in turn, overridden by any attribute used in a nested
- all previous FRAMESET tag uses.
If there is a conflict for two colors of equal
priority both set on the same edge, the behavior is undefined.
COLS="ColumnWidthList" specifies
a comma-separated list of values giving the width of each frame in the
frameset. If one of the values is missing, the corresponding frame is sized
to fit by the browser. The browser can approximate some values to make
the total height of the rows equal to the height of the window or the total
width of the columns equal to the width of the window. ColumnWidthList
can be:
FRAMEBORDER determines how frame borders
are displayed.Navigator 3.0
When FRAMEBORDER appears in the FRAMESET tag,
it sets a default FRAMEBORDER value for all frames in that frameset. When
FRAMEBORDER appears in a FRAME tag, it applies only to that particular
frame, overriding any FRAMEBORDER established by an outer FRAMESET tag.
A border shared between frames is plain only if all adjacent frames have
the FRAMEBORDER attribute set to NO. When neither a FRAME nor a FRAMESET
governing that FRAME has set FRAMEBORDER, the default setting is YES.
ONBLUR="blurJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the window containing the frameset loses
focus. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.Navigator
3.0
ONFOCUS="focusJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the window containing the frameset loses
focus. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.Navigator
3.0
ONLOAD="loadJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the frameset is loaded into the frame.
See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
ONUNLOAD="unloadJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the frameset is unloaded (exited). See
the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
ROWS="RowHeightList" specifies
a comma-separated list of values giving the height of each frame in the
frameset. If one of the values is missing, the corresponding frame is sized
to fit by the browser. The browser can approximate some values to make
the total height of the rows equal to the height of the window or the total
width of the columns equal to the width of the window. RowHeightList
can be:
Examples
Example 1: frameset with two frames
The following example creates a set of two frames.
The frameset is kept in a separate document file, such as index.html,
that contains no other information. When users navigate to the file, index.html
is loaded, and the FRAMESET tag within index.html then loads the
individual URLS referenced in the FRAME tag.
<FRAMESET COLS="30%,70%">
<FRAME SRC="toc.html" NAME="listFrame">
<FRAME SRC="topic.html" NAME="contentFrame">
</FRAMESET>
The two frames appear as columns because COLS
is specified within the FRAMESET tag. The left frame uses 30% of the available
space, and the right frame uses the remaining 70% of the space. By default,
the frames in this example have scroll bars and are resizable, because
no values are specified for the SCROLLING and NORESIZE attributes.
The code in this example creates a set of frames
similar to the following: _IMG SRC="tags2a.gif" HEIGHT=213 WIDTH=614>
The frameset described in this example acts as
a table of contents. The table of contents entries in the left frame are
always available to the user. When users click a link in the left frame,
the right frame navigates to the chosen topic. Each link in the left frame
(the toc.html document file) uses "contentFrame" as the value
of its TARGET attribute, which forces the right frame to display the target
text.
The following example creates a frameset that
contains a nested frameset.
<FRAMESET ROWS="90%,10%">
<FRAMESET COLS="30%,70%">
<FRAME SRC="category.html" NAME="listFrame">
<FRAME SRC="titles.html" NAME="contentFrame">
</FRAMESET>
<FRAME SRC="navigate.html" NAME="navigateFrame">
</FRAMESET>
The code in this example creates two sets of frames
similar to the following: _IMG SRC="tags2a1.gif" HEIGHT=213 WIDTH=574>
See also
H1 through H6 (standard headings)
HTML has six levels of headings, numbered 1 through
6, with 1 being the most prominent. Headings are displayed in different
fonts (larger and bold) than normal body text.
Syntax
<H1 ALIGN="LEFT"|"CENTER"|"RIGHT">...</H1>
<H2 ALIGN="LEFT"|"CENTER"|"RIGHT">...</H2>
<H3 ALIGN="LEFT"|"CENTER"|"RIGHT">...</H3>
<H4 ALIGN="LEFT"|"CENTER"|"RIGHT">...</H4>
<H5 ALIGN="LEFT"|"CENTER"|"RIGHT">...</H5>
<H6 ALIGN="LEFT"|"CENTER"|"RIGHT">...</H6>
ALIGN specifies the horizontal alignment
of the heading. The value can be:
Example
The following example demonstrates the use of
the H1 through H6 tags.
<H1>Level 1 heading</H1>
<H2>Level 2 heading</H2>
<H3>Level 3 heading</H3>
<H4>Level 4 heading</H4>
<H5>Level 5 heading</H5>
<H6>Level 6 heading</H6>
_IMG SRC="tags2a2.gif" HEIGHT=248 WIDTH=378>
HEAD (define document header)
The HEAD tag defines the HTML document header.
The header contains information about the document, and can be used to
define JavaScript functions to be used in the document. None of the information
in the HEAD tag is displayed by the Web browser, except for text contained
by the TITLE tag. You should be careful not to put any of your document
content (other than JavaScript) in the HEAD tag.
Syntax
The tags that can occur in a header are <BASE>,
<ISINDEX>, <META>, <SCRIPT>, and <TITLE>.
Example
<HEAD>
<TITLE> Mozilla speaks out</TITLE>
<BASE HREF="http://www.mozilla.com">
</HEAD>
_IMG SRC="tags2a3.gif" HEIGHT=73 WIDTH=378>
HR (horizontal rule)
The HR tag draws a horizontal line across the
document frame or window. You can use a horizontal line to visually divide
information or sections. The HR tag doesn't require a closing tag.
Syntax
<HR
ALIGN="CENTER"|"LEFT"|"RIGHT"
NOSHADE
SIZE="pixThick"
WIDTH="value"
>
ALIGN specifies the horizontal alignment
of lines that do not span the width of the page. Navigator 1.1
NOSHADE removes any line shading, producing
a solid black line. Navigator 1.1
SIZE="pixThick" indicates the
thickness of the line in pixels. The default is 2 pixels. Navigator
1.1
WIDTH="pixPct" defines the horizontal
width of the line. The default is the width of the page. The measurement
value can be a number of pixels or a percentage of the page width or frame
width. Navigator 1.1
Example
The following example draws a horizontal rule
between two sentences.
This text appears above a thick, unshaded, centered horizontal rule.
<HR NOSHADE ALIGN="CENTER" WIDTH="50%" SIZE="8">
This text appears below the same horizontal rule.
_IMG SRC="tags2a4.gif" HEIGHT=114 WIDTH=379>
HTML (outermost tag)
The HTML tag identifies your document as an HTML
document. These tags should be the first and last tags in any HTML document.
This lets the client render the contents of your document correctly.
Syntax
Example
The following example begins and ends a short
document with the HTML tag.
<HTML>
<BODY>
This is a small HTML file.
</BODY>
</HTML>
I (italic)
The I tag displays text in italic.
Syntax
Example
The following example displays "italics"
in italics.
Putting text in <I> italics </I>
can slant its meaning
_IMG SRC="tags2a5.gif" HEIGHT=88 WIDTH=376>
IMG (insert image)
The IMG tag specifies an image to include in an
HTML document. Navigator supports the following types of image formats:
- XBM (X BitMap)
Syntax
<IMG
ALIGN="LEFT"|"RIGHT"|"TOP"|"ABSMIDDLE"|"ABSBOTTOM"|
"TEXTTOP"|"MIDDLE"|"BASELINE"|"BOTTOM"
ALT="AlternateText"
BORDER="pixBorder"
HEIGHT="height"
HSPACE="pixHorzMarg"
ISMAP
LOWSRC="Location"
NAME="imgName"
ONABORT="imgLoadJScode"
ONERROR="errorJScode"
ONLOAD="imgLoadJScode"
SRC="Location" required
USEMAP="Location#MapName"
VSPACE="pixVertMarg"
WIDTH="width"
>
ALIGN specifies the alignment of the image
in relation to the surrounding text. If you do not specify a value for
ALIGN, Navigator uses "BOTTOM" as the default.Navigator
1.1
ALT="AlternateText" specifies
the simple text that a browser should display if it does not support the
IMG tag, or if the user has suspended image loading.
BORDER="value" specifies the
width, in pixels, of an image border. Navigator 1.1
HEIGHT="pixels"|"value%"
specifies the height of the image either in pixels or as a percentage of
the window height. Navigator 1.1
HSPACE="value" specifies a margin
in pixels between the left and right edges of the image and surrounding
text and images. Navigator 1.1
ISMAP specifies the image as a server-side
image map.
LOWSRC="Location" specifies the
URL of a low-resolution version of the image.
NAME="imgName" specifies a name
by which JavaScript can refer to the image.
ONABORT="imgAbortJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the user terminates the loading of an image.
See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
ONERROR="errorJScode" specifies
the JavaScript code to execute when the JavaScript encounters an error.
See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
ONLOAD="imgLoadJScode" specifies
the JavaScript event handler to execute when the image is loaded. See the
JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
SRC="Location" specifies the
URL of the image to be displayed in the document.
USEMAP="Location#MapName" specifies
the image as a client-side image map. You must specify the URL of the file
that contains the map definition, followed by a # symbol, and then the
name of the map.
VSPACE="value" specifies a margin
in pixels between the top and bottom edges of the image and surrounding
text and images.Navigator 1.1
WIDTH="pixels"|"value%"
specifies the width of the image either in pixels or as a percentage of
the window width.Navigator 1.1
Used within
Example
The following example uses all the IMG attributes
to improve performance:
<IMG SRC="http://www.HomeWorld.com/logo.gif"
LOWSRC="http://www.HomeWorld.com/lowlogo.jpg"
ALT="Welcome to Netscape" WIDTH="468" HEIGHT="25"
BORDER="0">
This example uses the following attributes to
improve performance:
- The LOWSRC attribute specifies a low-resolution version of the final
image. This small file loads quickly when a user accesses the page. The
- The HEIGHT and WIDTH tags specify the dimensions of the image. Navigator
uses these dimensions to reserve a place for the image on the page, but
continues loading any text and other page elements instead of waiting for
- the image to load.
Example 2: text wrapping around an image
In this example, an image is aligned on the right
side of the Navigator window, and text flows around it to the left: _IMG SRC="tags2a6.gif" HEIGHT=146 WIDTH=505>
The following HTML code creates the image alignment
and text wrap shown in the previous illustration:
<IMG SRC="logo.jpg"
ALIGN="right" ALT="Welcome to Netscape"
HSPACE="10" VSPACE="5">
<BIG><B>W</B></BIG>e are committed to ensuring that our customers
receive answers to their questions and that they enjoy trouble-free use
of our products.<P>
In this example, the HSPACE attribute creates
a 10-pixel margin below the image, and the VSPACE attribute creates a 5-pixel
margin to the left.
See also
INPUT (create input elements in a form)
The INPUT tag lets you create input fields inside
a form. An input field lets the user enter information on an HTML form.
The TYPE attribute determines the specific sort of form element to be created:
- BUTTON places a button on an HTML form. Use JavaScript code to make
the button perform an action you define. See "INPUT
- TYPE="BUTTON"" on page 106
- CHECKBOX places a toggle switch on an HTML form, letting the user set
a value on or off. See "INPUT TYPE="CHECKBOX""
- on page 107
- FILE places an element on an HTML form letting the user supply a file
as input. When the form is submitted, the content of the specified file
is sent to the server along with the other form data. See "INPUT
TYPE="FILE"" on page 108. Navigator 2.0.
- HIDDEN places a text element that is suppressed from form display on
an HTML form. A hidden element is used for passing information to the server
when a form is submitted. See "INPUT
- TYPE="HIDDEN"" on page 109
- IMAGE places an image, serving as a custom button, on an HTML form.
When a user clicks an image element, the form is submitted to the server.
See "INPUT TYPE="IMAGE""
- on page 110
- PASSWORD places a text input field on an HTML form that conceals its
value. When the user enters text into the field, a character such as *
or a black dot hides anything entered from view. See "INPUT
- TYPE="PASSWORD"" on page 111
- RADIO places a radio button on an HTML form. A set of radio buttons
that all have the same NAME attribute lets the user choose one item from
the set. If one radio button in a set has the CHECKED attriubute, that
one is selected when the set is first laid out on the window. See "INPUT
- TYPE="RADIO"" on page 112
- RESET places a reset button on an HTML form. When a user presses a
reset button, all elements in the form are reset to their default values.
See "INPUT TYPE="RESET""
- on page 113
- SUBMIT places a submit button on an HTML form. When a user presses
a submit button, the form is submitted to the server. See "INPUT
- TYPE="SUBMIT"" on page 114
- TEXT places a text input field on an HTML form. A text field lets the
user enter a word, phrase, or series of numbers. See "INPUT
- TYPE="TEXT"" on page 115
In addition to the fields defined using INPUT,
two types of input fields--selection lists and textarea elements--are defined
using the SELECT and TEXTAREA tags.
INPUT TYPE="BUTTON"
Syntax
<INPUT TYPE="BUTTON"
NAME="buttonName" required
VALUE="buttonText"
ONCLICK="JScode"
>
NAME="buttonName" specifies the
name of the input element. This value is the name portion of the
name=value pair sent to the server when the form is submitted. The
name is not displayed on the form.
ONCLICK="JScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user clicks the button. See the JavaScript Guide
for information on event handlers.
VALUE="buttonText" specifies
the text to be displayed on the button.
Used within
Example
The following example is a JavaScript example
that creates a button named CalcButton. The text "Calculate"
is displayed on the face of the button. When the button is clicked, the
function CalcFunction() is called.
<FORM>
<INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE="Calculate" NAME="CalcButton"
onClick="CalcFunction(this.form)">
</FORM>
_IMG SRC="tags2a7.gif" HEIGHT=105 WIDTH=379>
INPUT TYPE="CHECKBOX"
Syntax
<INPUT TYPE="CHECKBOX"
CHECKED
NAME="checkboxName" required
ONCLICK="JScode"
VALUE="checkboxValue"
>
textToDisplay
CHECKED indicates that the checkbox is
selected.
NAME="checkboxName" specifies
the name of the input element. This value is the name portion of
the name=value pair sent to the server when the form is submitted.
The name is not displayed on the form.
ONCLICK="clickJScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user clicks the checkbox. See the JavaScript Guide
for information on event handlers.
textToDisplay specifies the label to display
next to the checkbox.
VALUE="checkboxValue" specifies
the value to be returned to the server when the checkbox is selected and
the form is submitted. The default value is ON.
Used within
Example
The following example displays a group of four
checkbooks that all appear checked by default.
<FORM>
<B>Specify your music preferences (check all that apply):</B>
<BR><INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="musicpref_rnb" CHECKED> R&B
<BR><INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="musicpref_jazz" CHECKED> Jazz
<BR><INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="musicpref_blues" CHECKED> Blues
<BR><INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="musicpref_newage" CHECKED> New Age
</FORM>
_IMG SRC="tags2a8.gif" HEIGHT=158 WIDTH=377>
INPUT TYPE="FILE"
Syntax
<INPUT TYPE="FILE"
NAME="name" required
VALUE="value"
>
NAME="name" specifies the name
of the input element. This value is the name portion of the name=value
pair sent to the server when the form is submitted. The name is not displayed
on the form.
VALUE="value" specifies the initial
value of the input element.
Used within
Example
The following example creates a file upload element.
<FORM ENCTYPE="multipart/form-data" ACTION="_URL_" METHOD="POST">
<B>First name:</B><INPUT TYPE="text">
<BR><B>Last name:</B><INPUT TYPE="text">
<P><B>Brief description of the problem:</B>
<BR><INPUT TYPE="text" SIZE="45">
<P><B>Please attach a file with your event log.</B>
<BR><B>File name:</B><INPUT TYPE="file">
<P><INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="Submit Report">
<INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE="Cancel" onClick="window.close()">
</FORM>
_IMG SRC="tags2a9.gif" HEIGHT=247 WIDTH=462>
INPUT TYPE="HIDDEN"
Syntax
<INPUT TYPE="HIDDEN"
NAME="hiddenName" required
VALUE="hiddenValue"
>
NAME="hiddenName" specifies the
name of the input element. This value is the name portion of the
name=value pair sent to the server when the form is submitted. The
name is not displayed on the form. This tag provides a mechanism for delivering
a value to the server without the user having entered it, but note that
it is not very "hidden" because the user can discover it by using
the View|Document Source sequence.
VALUE="hiddenValue" specifies
the initial value of the input element.
Used within
Example
This example creates a form called LoginForm
that contains text fields for user name and password, a submit button with
the text "Log in" displayed on its face, and a cancel button.
A hidden element, DefaultPass, stores the initial value of the password
field.
<FORM NAME="LoginForm">
<B>User name:</B>
<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="userName" SIZE="10">
<P><B>Password:</B>
<INPUT TYPE="password" NAME="password" SIZE="12" VALUE="treasure">
<INPUT TYPE="hidden" NAME="DefaultPass" VALUE="treasure">
<P><INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="Log in">
<INPUT TYPE="button" VALUE="Cancel" onClick="window.close()">
</FORM>
_IMG SRC="tags2a10.gif" HEIGHT=167 WIDTH=375>
INPUT TYPE="IMAGE"
Syntax
<INPUT TYPE="IMAGE"
ALIGN="LEFT"|"RIGHT"|"TOP"|"ABSMIDDLE"|"ABSBOTTOM"|
"TEXTTOP"|"MIDDLE"|"BASELINE"|"BOTTOM"
NAME="name"
SRC="Location"
>
ALIGN specifies the alignment of the image
in relation to the surrounding text. If you do not specify a value for
ALIGN, Navigator uses "BOTTOM" as the default.Navigator
1.1
NAME="name" specifies the name
of the input element. This value is the name portion of the name=value
pair sent to the server when the form is submitted. The name is not displayed
on the form. When Navigator sends the offsets of the image to the server,
it sends them as name.x and name.y.
SRC="Location" specifies the
URL of the image to be displayed in the document.
Used within
Example
This example creates an image element. When the
user clicks the image, the form is submitted.
<FORM>
...
<CENTER><INPUT TYPE="image" SRC="signnow.gif"></CENTER>
...
</FORM>
INPUT TYPE="PASSWORD"
Syntax
<INPUT TYPE="PASSWORD"
MAXLENGTH="maxChar"
NAME="passwordName" required
ONSELECT="jJScode"
SIZE="charsLength"
VALUE="textValue"
>
MAXLENGTH="maxChar" specifies
the maximum number of characters a password box can accept.
NAME="passwordName" specifies
the name of the input element. This value is the name portion of
the name=value pair sent to the server when the form is submitted.
The name is not displayed on the form.
ONSELECT="JScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user selects some of the text in the text element.
See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
SIZE="charsLength" specifies
the length of the input field, in characters . When TYPE="text"
or TYPE="password", value is the width, specified in characters,
of the input field.
VALUE="textValue" specifies the
initial value of the password, if any.
Used within
Example
This example shows a password element. If the
user enters a password containing more than 25 characters, the text scrolls
to make room for the additional characters.
<FORM>
<B>Password:</B>
<INPUT TYPE="password" NAME="password" VALUE="" SIZE="25">
</FORM>
INPUT TYPE="RADIO"
Syntax
<INPUT TYPE="RADIO"
CHECKED
NAME="radioName" required
ONCLICK="JScode"
VALUE="buttonValue" required
>
textToDisplay
CHECKED indicates that the rradio button
is selected. .
NAME="radioName" specifies the
name of the input element. This value is the name portion of the
name=value pair sent to the server when the form is submitted. The
name is not displayed on the form. All radio buttons that have the same
name constitute a radio group; only one radio button of a group can be
set at one time.
ONCLICK="clickJScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user clicks the radio button. See the JavaScript
Guide for information on event handlers.
textToDisplay specifies the label to display
next to the radio button.
VALUE="value" specifies the value
that is returned to the server when the radio button is selected and the
form is submitted. This defaults to ON.
Used within
Example
The following example creates a radio button group.
<FORM>
<B>Category:</B>
<BR><INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="category" VALUE="liv" CHECKED> Living
<BR><INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="category" VALUE="din"> Dining
<BR><INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="category" VALUE="bed"> Bedroom
<BR><INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="category" VALUE="bth"> Bath
<BR><INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="category" VALUE="grd"> Garden
<BR><INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="category" VALUE="shp"> Shop
</FORM>
_IMG SRC="tags2a11.gif" HEIGHT=186 WIDTH=378>
INPUT TYPE="RESET"
Syntax
<INPUT TYPE="RESET"
NAME="resetName" required
ONCLICK="JScode"
VALUE="buttonText"
>
NAME="resetName" specifies the
name of the input element. This value is the name portion of the
name=value pair sent to the server when the form is submitted. The
name is not displayed on the form.
ONCLICK="JScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user clicks the button. See the JavaScript Guide
for information on event handlers.
VALUE="buttonText" specifies
the text to display on the face of the reset button. .
Used within
Example
This example displays a text element with the
default value "CA" and a reset button with the text "Clear
Form" displayed on its face. If the user types a state abbreviation
in the text element and then clicks the Clear Form button, the original
value of "CA" is restored.
<FORM>
<B>State: </B><INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="state" VALUE="CA" SIZE="2">
<P><INPUT TYPE="reset" VALUE="Clear Form">
</FORM>
_IMG SRC="tags2a12.gif" HEIGHT=136 WIDTH=377>
INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT"
Syntax
<INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT"
NAME="submitName" required
VALUE="buttonText"
>
NAME="submitName" specifies the
name of the input element. The name is not displayed on the form.
VALUE="buttonText" specifies
the text to display on the face of the submit button.
Used within
Example
The following example creates a submit button
called SubmitButton. The text "Done" is displayed on the
face of the button.
<FORM>
<INPUT TYPE="submit" NAME="SubmitButton" VALUE="Done">
</FORM>
_IMG SRC="tags2a13.gif" HEIGHT=105 WIDTH=377>
INPUT TYPE="TEXT"
Syntax
<INPUT TYPE="TEXT"
MAXLENGTH="maxChar"
NAME="textName" required
ONBLUR="blurJScode"
ONCHANGE="changeJScode"
ONFOCUS="focusJScode"
ONSELECT="JScode"
SIZE="lengthChar"
VALUE="textValue"
>
MAXLENGTH="maxChar" specifies
the maximum number of characters a text box can accept.
NAME="textName" specifies the
name of the input element. This value is the name portion of the
name=value pair sent to the server when the form is submitted. The
name is not displayed on the form.
ONBLUR="blurJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the text element loses focus. See the JavaScript
Guide for information on event handlers.
ONCHANGE="changeJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the text element loses focus and its value
has been modified. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
ONFOCUS="focusJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when a user clicks the text element. See the
JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
ONSELECT="JScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user selects some of the text in the text element.
See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
SIZE="lengthChar" specifies the
length of the input field, in characters . When TYPE="text" or
TYPE="password", value is the width, specified in characters,
of the input field.
VALUE="textValue" specifies the
initial value of the text element.
Used within
Example
The following example creates a text element that
is 25 characters long. The text field appears immediately to the right
of the words "Last name:". The text field is blank when the form
loads.
<FORM>
<B>Last name:</B>
<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="last_name" VALUE="" SIZE="25">
</FORM>
_IMG SRC="tags2a14.gif" HEIGHT=112 WIDTH=377>
ISINDEX (indicate presence of searchable index)
The ISINDEX tag indicates that the document has
a searchable index. An HTML index document can be read and queried using
a keyword search, if the server has access to a search engine. Generally,
documents with the ISINDEX tag include a user interface element (such as
a button) or a prompt to initiate the search. You can control the text
that appears as part of the search by using the PROMPT attribute.
The keywords are passed to the server by adding
a question mark to the end of the URL followed by a list of keywords separated
by a plus sign. For example:
http://www.acme.com/products/index.htm?inventory+ordering+shipping
Note that ISINDEX does not require a closing tag.
Syntax
PROMPT="text" specifies the text
that appears as the search prompt in the browser. Navigator 1.1
Used within
Example
The following example uses the ISINDEX tag.
<HEAD>
<ISINDEX>
<TITLE> Finding the Perfect Glaze </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<FORM>
<INPUT TYPE="SUBMIT" NAME="SubmitButton" VALUE="Search">
</FORM>
</BODY>
_IMG SRC="tags2a15.gif" HEIGHT=165 WIDTH=380>
KBD (keyboard text)
The KBD tag indicates text that is a keyboard
key. Netscape Navigator displays the specified text in the current fixed-width
font as determined by the font setting (Options|General Preferences).
Syntax
Used within
Example
The <KBD>ENTER</KBD> key lets
you ...
_IMG SRC="tags2a16.gif" HEIGHT=88 WIDTH=378>
See also
KEYGEN (generate key material)
The KEYGEN tag facilitates the generation of key
material and submission of the public key as part of an HTML form. This
mechanism is designed for use in web-based certificate management systems.
It displays a menu of key-size choices from which the user must choose
one. Then, when the submit button is pressed, a key pair of the selected
size is generated. The private key is encrypted and stored in the local
key database.
The public key and challenge string are DER encoded
as PublicKeyAndChallenge, and then digitally signed with the private key
to produce a SignedPublicKeyAndChallenge. The SignedPublicKeyAndChallenge
is base64 encoded, and the ASCII data is finally submitted to the server
as the value of a name-value pair, where the name is name as specified
by the NAME attribute of the KEYGEN tag.
Syntax
<KEYGEN
NAME="name" required
CHALLENGE="challenge"
>
NAME="name" specifies the name
for the name-value pair.
CHALLENGE="challenge" specifies
the challenge string to be packaged with the public key in the PublicKeyAndChallengefor
use in verification of the form submission. If no challenge string is provided,
then it is encoded as an IA5STRING of length zero.
Used within
Example
<FORM.....>
...
<KEYGEN NAME="somekey" CHALLENGE="1125983021">
...
</FORM>
LI (list item)
The LI tag indicates an item in a list. A single
list item can contain additional paragraphs, marked with the P tag.
The LI tag does not require a closing tag.
Syntax
<LI
TYPE=
"DISC"|"CIRCLE"|"SQUARE" | within
UL
"A"|"a"|"I"|"i"|"1" within
OL
VALUE="number"
>
TYPE specifies the type of symbol or numbering
sequence to use before each item.
DISC specifies a solid bullet
CIRCLE specifies a hollow bullet
SQUARE specifies a square bullet
A specifies a sequence of uppercase letters
a specifies a sequence of lowercase letters
I specifies a sequence of uppercase Roman numerals
i specifies a sequence of lowercase Roman numerals
1 specifies a sequence of numbers.
VALUE="number" indicates the
starting number for an item in a numbered list. This attribute is valid
only in an ordered list. See "OL (ordered
list)" on page 131 for information on the types of numbering
available.
Used within
Example
The following example defines three HTML terms.
Note the use of < and > as one way to represent the less-than
and greater-than characters.
The <LI> tag allows you to:<P>
<UL>
<LI>Identify items in a numbered list
<LI>Identify items in an unordered list
<LI>Identify items in a directory list
<LI>Identify items in a menu
</UL>
_IMG SRC="tags2a17.gif" HEIGHT=168 WIDTH=375>
MAP (define client-side image map)
An image map is a graphic that contains hyperlinks.
The image map can be divided into many regions, and each region of the
map can point to a different URL. When a user clicks a specific region
of the image map, Navigator loads a specific URL.
Client-side image maps are defined by the MAP
and AREA tags and loaded into the Navigator as hypergraphics. When a user
clicks the image, Navigator determines what URL to load based on the information
in the AREA tag. The USEMAP attribute of the IMG tag specifies an image
as a client-side image map.
Syntax
<MAP
NAME="mapName" required
>
...
</MAP>
NAME="mapName" specifies the
name of the map.
Example
In this example, an image map is used as a toolbar
to help users navigate in a web site. The following illustration shows
what the finished image map looks like to a user: _IMG SRC="tags2a18.gif" HEIGHT=80 WIDTH=612>
Each button on the toolbar is a separate region
of the image map. The seven buttons correspond to regions defined by seven
AREA tags. The following code defines the map:
<MAP NAME="mainmap">
<AREA COORDS="0,0,65,24" HREF="/escapes/index.html">
<AREA COORDS="66,0,132,24" HREF="/comprod/index.html">
<AREA COORDS="133,0,185,24"
HREF="http://merchant.netscape.com/netstore/index.html"
TARGET="_top">
<AREA COORDS="186,0,248,24" HREF="/newsref/index.html">
<AREA COORDS="249,0,318,24" HREF="/assist/index.html">
<AREA COORDS="319,0,390,24" HREF="/commun/index.html">
<AREA COORDS="391,0,467,24" HREF="/business_solutions/index.html">
</MAP>
Because no SHAPE attribute is specified for any
AREA tag, the shape of each region defaults to a rectangle. The third AREA
tag uses the "_top" value for its TARGET attribute to specify
that its URL is loaded into the full Navigator window.
The image used for the toolbar is nav.gif,
an interlaced GIF. The IMG tag that loads nav.gif uses the USEMAP
attribute to specify that the image is a client-side image map. The value
of the USEMAP attribute, mainmap, is also the value used for the
NAME attribute of the MAP tag. The following code associates the map with
the image:
<IMG SRC="nav.gif"
WIDTH="468" HEIGHT="25" BORDER="0"
USEMAP="#mainmap">
See also
MENU (list of simple items)
Deprecated
The MENU tag defines a list of simple items, such
as you would use to create a menu. This tag works just like the UL tag.
The items should be short, no longer than one line. Each is begun by the
<LI> tag.
Syntax
. Example
The following example creates a simple menu.
Netscape Navigator supports these platforms:
<MENU>
<LI> UNIX
<LI> Windows
<LI> Macintosh
</MENU>
_IMG SRC="tags2a19.gif" HEIGHT=128 WIDTH=378>
See also
Tag reference list Part 3
META (meta-document information)
The META tag specifies meta-document information
or creates an HTTP response header. The META tag provides a way to store
information about the document that is not available elsewhere in the document.
For example, the META tag can contain catalog, author, or index information
that various search engines can use.
The META tag creates a special HTTP response header
that the server sends to the client before transmitting the HTML document.
This form of the META syntax is frequently used to implement client pull.
When you create an HTTP header with META, do not
override a response header field that is normally returned by the server.
Use META to create a special response header field, such as a "refresh"
field that implements client pull.
Syntax
<META
CONTENT="value" required
HTTP-EQUIV="FieldName"
NAME="name"
>
CONTENT="FieldContent" specifies
the value of the HTTP response header field created by HTTP-EQUIV.Navigator
1.1
HTTP-EQUIV="FieldName" specifies
the name of the HTTP response header field.
NAME="name" specifies a name for the
meta-document information. Different programs that access meta-document
information expect different values for this attribute
Used within
Examples
Example 1: indexing information
In this example, the META tag stores indexing
information that a search engine uses when it accesses the document. This
search engine expects the NAME attribute to have a value of "keywords"
when a document is indexed. Search utilities and some webcrawlers used
by web search servers will catalog this information. The index keywords
are stored as the value of the CONTENT attribute.
<HEAD>
<TITLE>HTML Reference</TITLE>
<META NAME="keywords"
CONTENT="HTML documentation reference Netscape">
</HEAD>
This document is indexed under the terms "HTML",
"documentation", "reference", and "Netscape".
Example 2: a special HTTP header
In this example, the META tag creates a special
HTTP header field called "Creation_Date". This field is returned
by the server when an HTTP connection for this document is established.
<HEAD>
<META NAME="Creation_Date" CONTENT="July 17, 1995 19:24:00">
</HEAD>
This example creates the following HTTP header
field:
Creation_Date: July 17, 1995 19:24:00
In this example, the META tag creates a special
HTTP header field that implements a client pull animation. The animation
shows three different views of a dog; these views, when loaded sequentially,
simulate the dog running. The CONTENT attribute specifies that each view
of the dog is displayed for three seconds.
When a user loads spot1.html, the file
is displayed for three seconds. Then the second file, spot2.html
is loaded. After three more seconds elapse, spot3.html is loaded
by the browser. The following code is contained in a file called spot1.html:
<HEAD>
<TITLE>See Spot Run</TITLE>
<META NAME="refresh"
CONTENT="3,URL='http://www.homepage.com/spot2.html'">
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<IMG SRC="spot1.gif">
</BODY>
The file spot2.html contains the following information:
<HEAD>
<TITLE>See Spot Run</TITLE>
<META NAME="refresh"
CONTENT="3;URL='http://www.homepage.com/spot3.html'">
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<IMG SRC="spot2.gif">
</BODY>
Similarly, the file spot3.html contains
a reference to spot3.gif within an IMG tag.
See also
Tag reference list
Part 3Go to Tag reference section, Part 3
MULTICOL (multiple column formatting)
Navigator 3.0
The MULTICOL tag establishes an area of the document
as having multiple, equal-width columns.
Syntax
<MULTICOL
COLS="number" required
GUTTER="gwidth"
WIDTH="colwidth"
>
...
</MULTICOL>
COLS="number" specifies the number
of text columns for the text display. Netscape Navigator attempts to flow
elements evenly across the columns to make each column be about the same
height. Unless the WIDTH attribute is present, column width is adjusted
to fill the available view.
GUTTER="gwidth" specifies the
number of pixels to appear between columns. If it is not specified, Netscape
Navigator uses 10.
WIDTH="colwidth" specifies the
width of each column in the group, in pixels. All columns are the same
width. If WIDTH is not present, its value is determined by subtracting
from the display width the number of pixels that constitute the gutter
and then dividing by the number of columns
Example
The following example uses the MULTICOL tag to
display three columns of text.
<MULTICOL COLS="3" WIDTH="520" >
<P>
HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is a set of tags and attributes that
mark how text is organized and
displayed by web browsers.
</P><P>
HTML documents are files containing text and tags
written for the HyperText Transport Protocol
(HTTP)--the protocol used throughout the World Wide Web.
</P><P>
HTML tags define both the structure of a web page and
the way the marked text displays in a browser such as
Netscape Navigator. Tags mark the start and the end of
text. For example, you can use the H1 tag to mark text
as a first-level heading. When a web browser such as
Netscape Navigator displays that text, it appears in a
large font,
</P><P>
HTML documents may have different appearances on
different browsers. Even if all of your readers use
Netscape Navigator, they all might not see your
HTML page in the same way because they can configure
Netscape Navigator to use different fonts and to
override your color settings.
</P>
</MULTICOL>
_IMG SRC="tags3a.gif" HEIGHT=292 WIDTH=396>
NOBR (no break)
Navigator 1.1
The NOBR tag ensures that a line of text does
not wrap to the next line. This tag is useful for words or phrases that
must be kept together on one line. However, note that if the line of text
is long, it can extend beyond the margin of the browser window, so the
user must use scrollbars to view the text.
Syntax
Example
The following example uses the NOBR tag to display
a long line of text.
<NOBR>
Line breaks are not inserted into the text contained within a
<NOBR> block. This tag should be used with care, since it can
create <i>really</i> long lines of text.
</NOBR>
_IMG SRC="tags3a1.gif" HEIGHT=74 WIDTH=589>
NOEMBED (alternate text for plug-ins)
Use the NOEMBED tag if your document might be
displayed on a browser that cannot display content from plug-in programs,
and you want to provide alternative content. Browsers that can display
objects ignore all text in the NOEMBED tag.
Syntax
Example
The following example uses the NOEMBED tag to
provide alternate information for a browser that cannot embed objects.
<NOEMBED>
Sorry — this page requires a web browser that can display objects. We
recommend <I>Netscape Navigator</i>.
</NOEMBED>
<EMBED SRC="MyMovie.mov", WIDTH="150">
<EMBED SRC="Game.ids", WIDTH="400">
NOFRAMES (alternate text for frames)
Use the NOFRAMES tag to provide alternative content
for browsers to display if they do not recognize frames. Browsers that
can display frames ignore all text in the NOFRAMES tags unless a file called
by a frame tag is missing or unreachable by the browser.
Place the NOFRAMES tag within the FRAMESET tag.
Syntax
Used within
Example
The following example uses the NOFRAMES tag within
the FRAMESET tag.
<FRAMESET ROWS="50%,*">
<FRAME SRC="upper.html">
<FRAME SRC="lower.html">
<NOFRAMES>
Sorry — this page requires a web browser that supports
frames. We recommend <I>Netscape Navigator</i>.
</NOFRAMES>
</FRAMESET>
See also
NOSCRIPT (alternate text for JavaScript)
Navigator 3.0
The NOSCRIPT tag delimits the content for a browser
to display when JavaScript is not available, or when the user has turned
off support for JavaScript by means of the Network|Languages preferences
setting.
Syntax
Used within
OL (ordered list)
The OL tag creates an ordered, or numbered, list.
The default numbering style is determined by the browser, but you can use
the tag's attributes to change the numbering sequence. Use LI to designate
the individual list items.
Syntax
<OL
START="value"
TYPE="value"
>
...
</OL>
START="value" indicates the starting
number for the list. The number must be a positive integer.Navigator
1.1
TYPE="value" defines the type
of numbering sequence used for each list item, depending on the type of
list the item is in. Navigator 1.1 The value can be:
The following example uses the LI tag to define
three list elements in an ordered list. The numbers are roman numerals
and begin with the number three.
The following steps outline how to create HTML
files:
<OL START="3" TYPE="I">
<LI> Use a text editor or Netscape Navigator Gold to create your HTML
file.
<LI> Put the HTML files on a web server.
<LI> Test the files by accessing them with the server's URL.
</OL>
_IMG SRC="tags3a2.gif" HEIGHT=160 WIDTH=378>
See also
OPTION (option in a SELECT list)
The OPTION tag specifies a single option within
the scope of a SELECT tag.
Syntax
<OPTION
VALUE="optionValue"
SELECTED
>
...
</OPTION>
VALUE="OptionValue" specifies
a value that is returned to the server when the option is selected and
the form is submitted. When no VALUE attribute is present, the value returned
is the same as the text following the <OPTION> tag.
SELECTED specifies that the option is selected
by default.
Used within
Example
The following example uses OPTION to specify the
selections in a SELECT list. The user can select only one item from this
list. The value returned to the server is "Standard", "2-day",
or "speedy".
<FORM>
...
<B>Shipping method:</B><BR>
<SELECT>
<OPTION> Standard
<OPTION SELECTED> 2-day
<OPTION VALUE="speedy"> Overnight
</SELECT>
...
</FORM>
_IMG SRC="tags3a3.gif" HEIGHT=136 WIDTH=378>
See also
P (paragraph)
The P tag specifies a paragraph. You must use
the P tag to separate content because in HTML carriage returns aren't significant.
The P tag puts space after the paragraph (unlike the BR tag). Most browsers
do not recognize the ending tag.
Syntax
<P
ALIGN="LEFT"|"CENTER"|"RIGHT"
>
...
</P>
ALIGN specifies the horizontal alignment
of the paragraph. Navigator 1.1 The value can be:
Example
The following example uses the P tag to break
the text into two paragraphs.
<P > The <P> tag begins
a new paragraph.
<P> The </P> tag can terminate a paragraph, but few
web browsers require it. As a result, few authors user it.
_IMG SRC="tags3a4.gif" HEIGHT=122 WIDTH=377>
PARAM (parameter for an applet)
The PARAM tag assigns a value for a parameter
required by an applet.
Syntax
<PARAM
NAME="value" required
VALUE="value" required
>
NAME="value" specifies the name
of the variable.
VALUE="value" specifies the value
for the variable.
Example
The following example uses the PARAM tag to assign
values to variables required by the applet.
<APPLET CODEBASE="http://www.netscape.com/comprod/products/navigator/version_2.0/java_applets/StarField"
CODE="stars.class" WIDTH="400" HEIGHT="100">
<PARAM NAME="numstars" VALUE="50">
</APPLET>
See also
PLAINTEXT (display rest of document as-is)
Deprecated in favor of PRE.
The PLAINTEXT tag displays text in a plain text
style, with no additional styles (bold, italics, underlined). The PLAINTEXT
tag suppresses interpretation of all HTML tags within its scope.
Syntax
Example
The following example uses the PLAINTEXT tag.
<PLAINTEXT>
The <B>PLAINTEXT</B> tag suppresses interpretation of HTML tags that
<I>follow</I> it to the end of the document.
See also
PRE (preformatted text, fixed-width font, no join)
The PRE tag displays preformatted text in the
fixed-width font as determined by the font setting (Options|General Preferences).
Using this tag you can insert and reproduce formatted text, preserving
its original layout, but you have to use entities for the <> and
other symbols. The <PRE> tag suspends text joining and blank suppression.
This makes the <PRE> tag useful for duplicating blocks of text that
were created for some text-only form, such as electronic mail messages
and news postings.
The PRE tag does not suppress interpretation of
other HTML tags, unlike XMP and PLAINTEXT.
Syntax
Example
The mail message said:
<PRE>
To: Lee Smith
From: Chris Brown
Subject: Meeting schedule
Date: Fri, 13 Sep 1996 22:00:05
9/17/96 8:00 a.m. Room 218
9/18/96 9:00 a.m. Room 218
9/23/96 2:00 p.m. Room 111
</PRE>
S (strikeout type)
Navigator 3.0
See "STRIKE (strikeout
type)" on page 143. The <S> ... </S> pair is
exactly equivalent to the <STRIKE> ... </STRIKE> pair.
SAMP (insert sample)
The SAMP tag delimits a sequence of literal characters,
such as example text. The text is rendered in the fixed-width font, as
determined in Options|General Preferences. It is equivalent to the XMP
tag.
Syntax
Example
When writing HTML documents, be sure to start with a basic HTML document
layout:
<SAMP>
<HTML>
<HEAD> </HEAD>
<BODY>
</BODY>
<</HTML>
</SAMP>
See also
SCRIPT (client-side JavaScript code)
The SCRIPT tag specifies client-side JavaScript
code. Anything that you enter within the SCRIPT tag is treated as a script
element by the browser. For example, text within angle brackets is interpreted
by the browser as a script element, not as an HTML element.
See the JavaScript Guide for more information.
Syntax
<SCRIPT
LANGUAGE="LanguageName" required
unless SRC is present
SRC="Location"
>
...
</SCRIPT>
LANGUAGE="LanguageName" specifies
the program language. If the LANGUAGE attribute is not specified, the default
value is JavaScript.
You can specify JavaScript 1.1 for scripts
to be executed by the 1.1 version of JavaScript (compatible with Navigator
3.0), or JavaScript 1.0 for scripts to be executed by the 1.0 version.
Navigator 3.0
SRC="Location" specifies the
URL of the script, if you want to load a script from a separate file. The
suffix on a Location specifies the scripting language. The web server maps
the suffix to the MIME time, so a script that contains JavaScript code
should have a suffix that maps to "appliation/x-javascript" Navigator
3.0
Examples
Example 1: using the SCRIPT tag
The following example uses the SCRIPT tag to define
a JavaScript script. Because the SCRIPT tag is contained within the HEAD
tag, the script is loaded before anything else in the document is loaded.
The JavaScript code in this example defines a function which opens another
browser window.
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript">
function createWindow() {
answerWindow=window.open(answerWindowUrl)
}
</SCRIPT>
Example 2: using the SRC attribute
The following example uses the SRC attribute to
specify the location of a file containing JavaScript code:
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript"
SRC="http://www.netscape.com/myScript.js">
</SCRIPT>
See also
SELECT (selection list on a form)
The SELECT tag defines a selection list on an
HTML form. A selection list lets the user choose one or more items from
a list.
When a form is submitted to the server, the value
portion of a selection list's name=value pair is the text that follows
the selected OPTION tag.
Syntax
<SELECT
NAME="selectName" required
MULTIPLE
ONBLUR="blurJScode"
ONCHANGE="changeJScode"
ONCLICK="JScode"
ONFOCUS="focusJScode"
SIZE="ListLength"
>
...
</SELECT>
MULTIPLE specifies that multiple items
can be selected. If omitted, only one item can be selected from the list.
NAME="selectName" specifies the
name of the select element. This value is the name portion of the
name-value pair sent to the server when the form is submitted. The
name is not displayed on the form.
ONBLUR="blurJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the select element loses focus. See the
JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
ONCHANGE="changeJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the select element loses focus and its
value has been modified. See the JavaScript for information on event handlers.
ONCLICK="JScode" specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user clicks the button. See the JavaScript Guide
for information on event handlers.
ONFOCUS="focusJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when a user clicks the select element or tabs
to it. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
SIZE="ListLength" specifies the
number of options visible when the form is displayed. If the list contains
more options than specified by size, the list is displayed with scrollbars.
Used within
Examples
The following example creates a list. The user
can select only one item from this list.
<FORM>
...
<B>Shipping method:</B><BR>
<SELECT>
<OPTION> Standard
<OPTION SELECTED> 2-day
<OPTION> Overnight
</SELECT>
...
</FORM>
_IMG SRC="tags3a5.gif" HEIGHT=136 WIDTH=376>
If the SIZE attribute is omitted as shown here,
the list is displayed as a pull-down list, as shown in the Shipping Method
list in the previous figure. If SIZE is present, the list looks similar
to the Music Types list in the previous figure.
The following example creates a list. The MULTIPLE
attribute lets the user select multiple items from this list.
<FORM>
...
<B>Music types for your free CDs:</B><BR>
<SELECT NAME="music_type_multi" MULTIPLE>
<OPTION> R&B
<OPTION> Jazz
<OPTION> Blues
<OPTION> Reggae
</SELECT>
...
</FORM>
_IMG SRC="tags3a6.gif" HEIGHT=139 WIDTH=378>
Example 3: multiple selection with default
In the following example, all three options can
be chosen, but bananas are selected by default.
<FORM>
...
<SELECT NAME="fruit_choices" MULTIPLE>
<OPTION>Apples
<OPTION SELECTED>Bananas
<OPTION>Cherries
</SELECT>
...
</FORM>
_IMG SRC="tags3a7.gif" HEIGHT=136 WIDTH=378>
See also
SERVER (run a LiveWire script)
The SERVER tag specifies server-side JavaScript
statements that are compiled by LiveWire. (Contrast this with the SCRIPT
tag, which specifies client-side JavaScript statements.) When a script
is specified within the SERVER tag, LiveWire runs it on the server. See
the LiveWire Developer's Guide for more information about JavaScript
in LiveWire.
Syntax
Example
The following example uses the SERVER tag to define
a LiveWire script. This LiveWire script connects to a database server:
<SERVER>
database.connect("INFORMIX", "blue", "ADMIN", "MANAGER", "mydb")
</SERVER>
See also
SMALL (decrease font size)
Navigator 2.0
The SMALL tag displays text in a smaller font
size than the default font size. The text displays one size smaller (n-1).
You can specify the default font size using the BASEFONT tag. Unless defined
by the user, the default font size is 3.
Syntax
Example
The following example decreases the font size
two times for "smaller, and smaller."
<FONT SIZE="+1">
When Alice ate from the Caterpillar's mushroom, she grew
<SMALL>smaller and <SMALL>smaller.</SMALL></SMALL>
</FONT>
_IMG SRC="tags3a8.gif" HEIGHT=90 WIDTH=377>
See also
SPACER (horizontal and vertical spacing)
Navigator 3.0
The SPACER tag provides better control over the
spacing of objects and whitespace in HTML pages. It governs the space between
words or between lines, or creates a spacing rectangle, similar to an invisible
image.
Syntax
<SPACER
ALIGN="LEFT"|"RIGHT"|"TOP"|"ABSMIDDLE"|"ABSBOTTOM"|
"TEXTTOP"|"MIDDLE"|"BASELINE"|"BOTTOM"
HEIGHT="value"
SIZE="value"
TYPE="HORIZONTAL"|"VERTICAL"|"BLOCK"
WIDTH="value"
>
ALIGN applies only when the spacer is of
type BLOCK, and specifies the alignment of the spacing rectangle in relation
to the surrounding text. If you do not specify a value for ALIGN, Navigator
uses "BOTTOM" as the default.
- TOP aligns the top of a spacing rectangle with the top of the tallest
- ABSMIDDLE aligns the middle of a spacing rectangle with the middle
- ABSBOTTOM aligns the bottom of a spacing rectangle with the bottom
- TEXTTOP aligns the top of a spacing rectangle with the top of the tallest
- MIDDLE aligns the middle of a spacing rectangle with the baseline of
- BASELINE aligns the bottom of a spacing rectangle with the baseline
- BOTTOM is the same as BASELINE.
HEIGHT="value" applies only when
the spacer is of type BLOCK, and specifies the height of the spacing rectangle
in pixels.
SIZE="pixelSize" depents on the
value of TYPE. When the spacer is of type BLOCK, pixelSize specifies
the absolute width or height in pixels of the spacing rectangle. When the
spacer is of type HORIZONTAL or VERTICAL pixelSize specifies the
absolute width or height in pixels of the added space.
TYPE specifies whether the spacing is that
between words, that between lines, or that of a rectangular space.
- HORIZONTAL inserts horizontal space between words. The width of this
- VERTICAL inserts vertical space between lines. Implicit in this spacer
is a line break to end the current line, then Navigator adds the vertical
space before the beginning of the next line. The height of the space is
- BLOCK behaves almost exactly like an invisible image. The Navigator
ignores any SIZE attribute and instead uses the HEIGHT, WIDTH, and ALIGN
- attributes to define a spacing rectangle.
WIDTH="value" applies only when
the spacer is of type BLOCK, and specifies the width of the spacing rectangle
in pixels.
STRIKE (strikeout type)
Navigator 3.0
The STRIKE tag displays text with a line (strike)
through it.
Syntax
Example
The following example displays "strikes"
with a line through the word.
Three <STRIKE>strikes</STRIKE>
and you're out.
_IMG SRC="tags3a9.gif" HEIGHT=100 WIDTH=431>
See also
STRONG (strong emphasis)
The STRONG tag defines text that displays with
"strong emphasis." Typically the text is displayed in boldface.
Syntax
Example
<STRONG>CAUTION!</STRONG> If you
aren't careful, you may hurt yourself.
_IMG SRC="tags3a10.gif" HEIGHT=83 WIDTH=380>
See also
SUB (display as subscript)
Navigator 2.0
The SUB tag displays text as a subscript. A subscript
appears slightly below the baseline (bottom edge) of preceding text and
in a smaller font.
Syntax
Example
The following displays a subscript.
The chemical notation for water is <CODE>H<SUB>2</SUB>0</CODE>.
_IMG SRC="tags3a11.gif" HEIGHT=91 WIDTH=378>
See also
SUP (display as superscript)
Navigator 2.0
The SUP tag displays text as a superscript. A
superscript appears slightly above preceeding text and in a smaller font.
Syntax
Example
The following example displays the 2 in e=mc2
as a superscript.
If Einstein was right, then <CODE>e=mc<SUP>2</SUP></CODE>.
_IMG SRC="tags3a12.gif" HEIGHT=93 WIDTH=378>
See also
TABLE (define a table)
Navigator 1.1
The TABLE tag defines a table. Rows are defined
by the <TR> tag and cells within the rows by the <TD> tag.
Syntax
<TABLE
ALIGN="LEFT"|"RIGHT"
BGCOLOR="color"
BORDER="value"
CELLPADDING="value"
CELLSPACING="value"
HEIGHT="height"
HSPACE="pixHoriz"
WIDTH="pixels"|"value%"
VSPACE="pixVert"
>
...
</TABLE>
ALIGN specifies the horizontal placement
of the table:
If you want to center a table, you can use the
DIV tag with ALIGN="CENTER" around the table.
BGCOLOR="color" changes the color
of the background for the table. This color can be overridden by a BGCOLOR
tag in the TH, TR, or TD tags. The value of color is a hexadecimal red-green-blue
triplet, or a color name. See Appendix B,
"Color values."Navigator 3.0
BORDER="value" draws a border
around the table. The value is the number of borders (lines) you want around
the table. Use a value of 0 to use the space reserved for borders to expand
the area of your table.
CELLPADDING="value" determines
the amount of space between the border of a cell and the contents of the
cell. The default is 1.
CELLSPACING="value" determines
the amount of space between individual cells in a table. The default is
2.
HEIGHT="height" specifies the
height in pixels that the table must fit. The table is scaled to fit the
specified height and width.
HSPACE="pixHoriz" specifies the
horizontal space in pixels within which the table must fit. The table is
scaled to fit the specified height and width
VSPACE="pixVert" specifies the
vertical space in pixels within which the table must fit. The table is
scaled to fit the specified height and width.
WIDTH="pixels"|"value%"
defines the width of the table. The default is the optimal width determined
by the contents of each cell. The measurement value can be a number of
pixels or the width as a percentage of the page size.
Example
The following example creates a three-column,
four-row table, with the caption "Tables are as easy as one, two,
three" aligned at the bottom of the table.
<TABLE BORDER CELLPADDING="8" CELLSPACING="4">
<TR><TH> English </TH><TH> Spanish </TH><TH> German </TH></TR>
<TR><TD> one </TD><TD> uno </TD><TD> ein </TD></TR>
<TR><TD> two </TD><TD> dos </TD><TD> zwei </TD></TR>
<TR><TD> three </TD><TD> tres </TD><TD> drei </TD></TR>
<CAPTION ALIGN="BOTTOM"> <B>Table 1</B>: Tables are as easy as one, two, three
</CAPTION>
</TABLE>
_IMG SRC="tags3a13.gif" HEIGHT=237 WIDTH=377>
See also
TD (table data)
Navigator 1.1
The TD tag specifies text that is table data.
Place the TD tag within the TABLE tag.
Syntax
<TD "
ALIGN="CENTER"|"LEFT"|"RIGHT"
BGCOLOR="value"
COLSPAN="value"
NOWRAP="value"
ROWSPAN="value"
VALIGN="BASELINE"|"BOTTOM"|"MIDDLE"|"TOP"
>
...
</TD>
ALIGN specifies the horizontal placement
of the table. The value can be
BGCOLOR="value" changes the color
of the background of the table cell created by the TD tag. The color value
is a hexadecimal red-green-blue triplet, or a color name. See Appendix B,
"Color values."Navigator 3.0
COLSPAN="value" indicates the
number of columns the cell spans.
NOWRAP specifies that the lines within
a cell cannot be broken (i.e. are not word wrapped).
ROWSPAN="value" indicates the
number of rows the cell spans.
VALIGN specifies the vertical placement
of the text within a cell:
Used within
Example
See also
TEXTAREA (text field on a form)
The TEXTAREA tag defines a multiline input field
on an HTML form. A textarea field lets the user enter words, phrases, or
numbers.
The following figure shows a textarea element:
_IMG SRC="tags3a14.gif" HEIGHT=260 WIDTH=466>
Scrollbars appear if the text in the textarea
element exceeds the number of columns or rows in the box.
To begin a new line in a textarea element, use
a new paragraph. For example, the following textarea element contains two
lines, a blank line, then one line:
<FORM>
<B>Description:</B>
<BR><TEXTAREA NAME="item_description" ROWS="6" COLS="55">
This is the first line.
This is the second line.
This is the last line.
</TEXTAREA>
</FORM>
_IMG SRC="tags3a15.gif" HEIGHT=199 WIDTH=379>
Syntax
<TEXTAREA
COLS="value" required
NAME="textareaName" required
ONBLUR="blurJScode"
ONCHANGE="changeJScode"
ONFOCUS="focusJScode"
ONSELECT="selectJScode"
ROWS="integer"
WRAP="OFF"|"HARD"|"SOFT"
>
textToDisplay
</TEXTAREA>
COLS="value" defines the width
(number of characters per line) the textarea can accommodate without scrolling.
NAME="textareaName" specifies
the name of the textarea element. This value is the name portion
of the name=value pair sent to the server when the form is submitted.
The name is not displayed on the form.
ONBLUR="blurJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the textarea element loses focus. See the
JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
ONCHANGE="changeJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when the textarea element loses focus and its
value has been modified. See the JavaScript for information on event handlers.
ONFOCUS="focusJScode specifies JavaScript
code to execute when a user clicks the textarea element or tabs to it.
See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
ONSELECT="selectJScode" specifies
JavaScript code to execute when a user selects some of the text in the
textarea element. See the JavaScript Guide for information on event handlers.
ROWS="integer" defines the height
(number of rows) the textarea can accommodate without scrolling.
textToDisplay specifies the label to display
in the textarea.
WRAP specifies whether lines longer than
the textarea's column width wrap to the next line. Navigator 2.0.
The value can be:
- OFF disables word wrap. Text the user types is displayed exactly as
typed. If the user explicitly inserts a line break, however, the break
- HARD causes word wrap, and the line breaks are included when the form
- SOFT causes word wrap, but the line breaks are not included when the
- form is submitted.
Used within
Example
The following example creates a textarea element
that is 6 rows long and 55 columns wide. The textarea field appears immediately
below the word "Description:". When the form loads, the textarea
element contains several lines of data, including one blank line.
<FORM>
<B>Description:</B>
<BR><TEXTAREA NAME="item_description" ROWS="6" COLS="55">
Our storage ottoman provides an attractive way to
store lots of CDs and videos--and it's versatile
enough to store other things as well.
It can hold up to 72 CDs under the lid and 20 videos
in the drawer below.
</TEXTAREA>
</FORM>
_IMG SRC="tags3a16.gif" HEIGHT=192 WIDTH=377>
See also
TH (table heading)
Navigator 1.1
The TH tag specifies a table heading.
Syntax
<TH
ALIGN="CENTER"|"LEFT"|"RIGHT"
BGCOLOR="color"
COLSPAN="value"
NOWRAP
ROWSPAN="value"
VALIGN="BASELINE"|"BOTTOM"|"MIDDLE"|"TOP"
>
...
</TH>
ALIGN specifies the horizontal placement
of the table:
BGCOLOR="color" changes the color
of the background of the table heading. This color can be overridden by
a BGCOLOR tag in the TD tags within the scope of the TH tag. The color
value is a hexadecimal red-green-blue triplet, or a color name. See
Appendix B, "Color values."Navigator
3.0
COLSPAN="value" indicates the
number of columns the cell spans.
NOWRAP specifies that the lines within
a cell cannot be broken (in other words, are not word wrapped).
ROWSPAN indicates the number of rows the
cell spans.
VALIGN specifies the vertical placement
of the text within a cell:
Used within
Example
See also
TITLE (document title)
The TITLE tag specifies the title of the document.
Generally this title appears in the title bar of the browser window. In
addition, the title can be used by automated web search tools to locate
an applicable document. If a title is not provided, by default the filename
or URL of the document is displayed in the title bar.
Syntax
Used within
Example
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>
Mozilla teaches HTML in three easy steps.
</TITLE>
<BODY>
</BODY>
</HTML>
_IMG SRC="tags3a17.gif" HEIGHT=75 WIDTH=377>
Navigator 1.1
TR (table row)
The TR tag specifies a table row.
Syntax
<TR
ALIGN="CENTER"|"LEFT"|"RIGHT"
BGCOLOR="color"
VALIGN="BASELINE"|"BOTTOM"|"MIDDLE"|"TOP"
>
...
</TR>
ALIGN specifies the horizontal placement
of the table:
BGCOLOR="color" changes the color
of the background of the table row created by the TR tag. This color can
be overridden by a BGCOLOR tag in the TD tags within the scope of the TR
tag. The value of color is a hexadecimal red-green-blue triplet, or
a color name. See Appendix B, "Color
values."Navigator 3.0
VALIGN specifies the vertical placement
of the text within a cell:
Used within
Example
See also
TT (type writer font)
The TT tag displays text in the fixed-width (typewriter)
font, as determined in Options|General Preferences.
Syntax
Example
To run the program, type <TT>xyz</TT>
at the command prompt, and then press <KYBD>ENTER</KYBD>.
_IMG SRC="tags3a18.gif" HEIGHT=89 WIDTH=377>
See also
U (underline)
Navigator 3.0
The U tag underlines the text it delimits, causing
all text within its scope to have a solid underline drawn along the common
baseline of the text.
Syntax
See also
UL (unordered list)
The UL tag defines an unordered list. These items,
each begun by the <LI> tag, can contain multiple paragraphs. Just
separate the paragraphs with the P paragraph tag.
Syntax
<UL TYPE="CIRCLE"|"DISC"|"SQUARE">
TYPE defines the type of bullet used for
each list item, depending on the type of list the item is in: Navigator
1.1
Example
See also
WBR (word break)
Navigator 1.1
The WBR tag marks a spot where a line break can
take place. It is advisory, as contrasted with the BR and NOBR tags.
The WBR tag does not require a closing tag.
Syntax
Example
<NOBR>
Line breaks are not ordinarily inserted into the text contained within a
<NOBR> block, which can produce some awkwardly long lines.
<WBR>
If the text contains a <WBR> tag, however, it marks a location
where the insertion of a line break is permitted.
</NOBR>
_IMG SRC="tags3a19.gif" HEIGHT=100 WIDTH=589>
See also
XMP (sequence of literal characters)
The XMP tag defines a sequence of literal characters,
such as example text. The text is displayed in the fixed-width font, as
determined in Options|General Preferences. Netscape Navigator ignores all
HTML tags within the scope of the XMP tag.
Syntax
Example
<XMP>
The <XMP> tag is similar to the <PRE> tag except that HTML tags inside
an <XMP> block are displayed rather than interpreted.
</XMP>
